RESUMO
Garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis, is reproductively isolated from a related ornamental species with potential breeding value, Asparagus densiflorus cv. Sprengeri, by pre- and post-zygotic barriers. The latter barrier operates at the endosperm level five days after pollination in A. officinalis x A. densiflorus crosses. To try to circumvent this barrier, in vitro embryo rescue using ovule and ovary cultures was tested. Controlled interspecific crosses were made and 2,032 ovules and 826 ovaries were cultured three days after pollination under various culture media and incubation conditions. Ovaries cultured for 60 days became red (similar to mature fruits), but seed formation was incomplete. Transfer of ovules to other media was necessary to promote embryo development. The interspecific embryos increased their length from 35 microns at the initiation of culture to 1,900 microns after 120 days of culture, but seedlings were not obtained. Histological studies revealed differentiation of protoderm only. The possible causes of the failure of the embryos to complete differentiation and morphogenesis are discussed.
Assuntos
Adenina , Células Cultivadas/metabolismo , Quimera , Germinação/fisiologia , Liliaceae , Sementes , /farmacologia , Ácidos Naftalenoacéticos/farmacologia , Adenina , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Células Cultivadas/citologia , Células Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimera , Meios de Cultura , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Germinação/efeitos dos fármacos , Giberelinas , Liliaceae , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas , Plantas , Sementes , VitaminasRESUMO
Garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis, is reproductively isolated from a related ornamental species with potential breeding value, Asparagus densiflorus cv. Sprengeri, by pre- and post-zygotic barriers. The latter barrier operates at the endosperm level five days after pollination in A. officinalis x A. densiflorus crosses. To try to circumvent this barrier, in vitro embryo rescue using ovule and ovary cultures was tested. Controlled interspecific crosses were made and 2,032 ovules and 826 ovaries were cultured three days after pollination under various culture media and incubation conditions. Ovaries cultured for 60 days became red (similar to mature fruits), but seed formation was incomplete. Transfer of ovules to other media was necessary to promote embryo development. The interspecific embryos increased their length from 35 microns at the initiation of culture to 1,900 microns after 120 days of culture, but seedlings were not obtained. Histological studies revealed differentiation of protoderm only. The possible causes of the failure of the embryos to complete differentiation and morphogenesis are discussed.(AU)
Assuntos
RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOVT , Adenina/análogos & derivados , Células Cultivadas/metabolismo , Quimera/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Germinação/fisiologia , Liliaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético/farmacologia , Adenina/farmacologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas/citologia , Células Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimera/fisiologia , Meios de Cultura , Germinação/efeitos dos fármacos , Giberelinas/farmacologia , Liliaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Liliaceae/metabolismo , Ácidos Naftalenoacéticos/farmacologia , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/farmacologia , Plantas/citologia , Plantas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Plantas/metabolismo , Sementes/efeitos dos fármacos , Sementes/metabolismo , Vitaminas/farmacologiaRESUMO
Garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis, is reproductively isolated from a related ornamental species with potential breeding value, Asparagus densiflorus cv. Sprengeri, by pre- and post-zygotic barriers. The latter barrier operates at the endosperm level five days after pollination in A. officinalis x A. densiflorus crosses. To try to circumvent this barrier, in vitro embryo rescue using ovule and ovary cultures was tested. Controlled interspecific crosses were made and 2,032 ovules and 826 ovaries were cultured three days after pollination under various culture media and incubation conditions. Ovaries cultured for 60 days became red (similar to mature fruits), but seed formation was incomplete. Transfer of ovules to other media was necessary to promote embryo development. The interspecific embryos increased their length from 35 microns at the initiation of culture to 1,900 microns after 120 days of culture, but seedlings were not obtained. Histological studies revealed differentiation of protoderm only. The possible causes of the failure of the embryos to complete differentiation and morphogenesis are discussed.
Assuntos
Adenina/análogos & derivados , Células Cultivadas/metabolismo , Quimera/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Germinação/fisiologia , Liliaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético/farmacologia , Adenina/farmacologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas/citologia , Células Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimera/fisiologia , Meios de Cultura , Germinação/efeitos dos fármacos , Giberelinas/farmacologia , Isopenteniladenosina , Liliaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Liliaceae/metabolismo , Ácidos Naftalenoacéticos/farmacologia , Células Vegetais , Desenvolvimento Vegetal , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/farmacologia , Plantas/metabolismo , Sementes/efeitos dos fármacos , Sementes/metabolismo , Vitaminas/farmacologiaRESUMO
Garden asparagus, Asparagus officinalis, is reproductively isolated from a related ornamental species with potential breeding value, Asparagus densiflorus cv. Sprengeri, by pre- and post-zygotic barriers. The latter barrier operates at the endosperm level five days after pollination in A. officinalis x A. densiflorus crosses. To try to circumvent this barrier, in vitro embryo rescue using ovule and ovary cultures was tested. Controlled interspecific crosses were made and 2,032 ovules and 826 ovaries were cultured three days after pollination under various culture media and incubation conditions. Ovaries cultured for 60 days became red (similar to mature fruits), but seed formation was incomplete. Transfer of ovules to other media was necessary to promote embryo development. The interspecific embryos increased their length from 35 microns at the initiation of culture to 1,900 microns after 120 days of culture, but seedlings were not obtained. Histological studies revealed differentiation of protoderm only. The possible causes of the failure of the embryos to complete differentiation and morphogenesis are discussed.
